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All comparisons

Cold vs COVID-19

By the AllHealth UK editorial teamLast reviewed Next review due Compiled from published NHS and NICE guidance. Not reviewed by a clinician.

Is it a cold or COVID-19?

You cannot tell them apart from symptoms alone. COVID-19 causes a high temperature, cough, sore throat, blocked nose and tiredness, and a cold can cause all of those too. Testing is the only reliable way to know. If you do not test, the advice is the same either way — stay at home while you have a high temperature or feel too unwell for normal activities. If you test positive for COVID-19 the advice differs: avoid contact with others for 3 days (under 18) or 5 days (18 and over) after the test, and avoid anyone more likely to get seriously ill for 10 days.

Immediate action required: call 999 or go to A&E if

  • Sudden chest pain
  • So breathless you cannot say short sentences while resting, or your breathing suddenly gets worse
  • Coughing up blood
  • You collapse, faint, or have a seizure for the first time
  • Someone seems very unwell, is getting worse, or you think something is seriously wrong — babies and children in particular can get unwell very quickly
  • A rash that does not fade when you roll a glass over it, the same as meningitis

If you are weighing up whether it is bad enough to call, that is itself a reason to call. Nobody is annoyed by a 999 call that turns out to be the less serious of the two.

Common Cold compared with COVID-19
FeatureCommon ColdCOVID-19
Typical signs
  • Sneezing and a blocked nose lead
  • Symptoms stay in the nose and throat
  • Comes on gradually over 2 to 3 days
  • Breathing not affected
  • Mainly affects the nose and throat
  • High temperature
  • New, continuous cough
  • Loss or change to smell or taste
  • Shortness of breath
  • Aching body and exhaustion
How long it lasts7–10 daysMost people feel better within a few weeks, some take longer
What helpsRest, fluids, paracetamol, pharmacy remedies for a blocked noseRest, fluids, paracetamol or ibuprofen. Take a lateral flow test as soon as symptoms start if you are eligible for COVID-19 treatments
What to doSelf-care at homeSelf-care at home

Sources and further reading

This page was written from the following published guidance. All links checked 26 August 2026.

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